Key Facts
- Commonly grown as a bedding plant with glossy evergreen leaves
- Produces single or double flowers in pink, white, red and bi-colors
- Flowers from summer into fall and can bloom year-round where frost is absent
- Grown as a perennial in warm climates and as an annual elsewhere
- Prefers well drained soil and performs best in full sun
- Tolerates modest drought once established
- All plant parts are considered toxic if eaten
Periwinkle is a compact, glossy leaved bedding plant that provides long lasting summer color while remaining low and tidy. It grows as a perennial in warm climates and is commonly used as an annual or in containers where frost kills top growth.
Identification
Catharanthus roseus has shiny evergreen leaves and single or double flowers in pink white red and bi colors. Plants typically reach 6 to 12 inches tall and spread about the same amount making them well suited for mass plantings and low edging. This species is distinct from true Vinca species which are different plants often called periwinkle.
Where to grow and best uses
Plants perform best in full sun and will tolerate light shade in very hot locations. Use Periwinkle as a bedding plant in borders and massed color beds, as a low edging, or in containers where it can be moved indoors in cold climates. In frost free areas it can bloom year round and act as a perennial groundcover.
Planting time spacing and soil
Sow seed after the last frost outdoors or start seed indoors for an earlier display. Space plants about 6 to 12 inches apart to form a neat low mound. Choose well drained soil and avoid areas that stay wet since poor drainage often leads to root rot and fewer flowers. A slightly acidic to neutral pH around 6.0 to 7.0 is commonly recommended.
Watering and maintenance
Water new plantings regularly until established. Once established Periwinkle tolerates modest drought but prolonged dry periods will reduce flowering. Overwatering or poorly drained sites cause root problems and limp foliage. Trim back leggy stems to refresh plant shape and remove dead stems to keep beds tidy.
Propagation
Propagate from seed or from softwood stem cuttings. Sow outdoors after frost or start seeds indoors. Softwood cuttings root readily and give a fast way to reproduce favorite cultivars.
Pests diseases and safety
Poor drainage is the most common cultural problem and often results in root rot and reduced bloom. All plant parts are considered toxic if eaten and the plant contains vinca alkaloids. Keep plants away from children and pets and contact a poison control center or veterinarian for guidance if ingestion occurs.
Frequently asked questions
- How fast does Periwinkle grow?
- Periwinkle forms a low mound and typically reaches about 6 to 12 inches in height and spread during the growing season.
- Will Periwinkle come back next year?
- In USDA zones 9 to 11 Periwinkle can behave as a perennial. In colder zones it is usually grown as an annual or kept in containers and brought inside.
- Is Periwinkle toxic to pets?
- Yes. All parts are toxic to humans and animals if ingested. Seek medical or veterinary help if consumption is suspected.
- How do I propagate Periwinkle?
- Use seed sown after the last frost or take softwood stem cuttings which root easily.
- How much sun does Periwinkle need?
- Periwinkle performs best in full sun and will tolerate part shade especially where summers are very hot.
Related Plants
